The social and ecological costs of reforestation. Territorialization and industrialization of land use accompany forest transitions in Southeast Asia

• Forest transitions in Southeast Asia may come along with unintended social and ecological side effects. have been accompanied by the separation industrialization of agriculture forestry. These forms land use marginalize multi-functional uses, especially shifting cultivation. tend to increasing fossil energy which compromises some their climate-change mitigation The findings important implications for climate change policies such as REDD+. Five Asian countries (Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Philippines Malaysia) experienced forest transitions, that is, a shift from net deforestation increases area, since 1990s. Climate REDD+ actively promote reforestation, Global South, where they exclusionary effects, known green grabbing. In regional analysis, we highlight political biophysical dimensions five countries, interrogating these respect spatial injustices produce. We propose read combined process separating industrializing forestry – at expense more integrated concepts state territorialization socio-ecological transition analyze agricultural land, an eventual marginalization cultivation carriers (that enables other economic activities). complex processes attenuate compromise acclaimed benefits mitigation.